Electrical Engineer

   why don't birds get electrocuted sitting on power lines?      Electricity flows through a conductor, such as a wire, by means of a flow of electrons. When a bird sits on a power  line, its body is not in contact with the ground, which means that there is no complete circuit for the electricity to flow  through. The bird's body is not a good conductor of electricity, so the electrons cannot flow through it. Instead, they  flow through the wire, bypassing the bird's body.      To understand this better, consider a simple circuit consisting of a battery, a wire, and a light bulb. When the wire  is connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery, a current flows through the wire, and the light bulb  illuminates. If the wire is broken, the current cannot flow, and the light bulb will not turn on. Similarly, when a bird sits  on a power line, its body does not provide a path for the electricity to flow through, so the current passes through  the wire instead.

  Alternator Generator An Alternator is used to generate power on the small-scale requirement. A Generator is used to generate electricity for large-scale requirements or supplies. In Alternator, electricity is produced by spinning the magnetic field inside the windings of the copper wire. A generator uses dynamo to convert mechanical energy to electrical energy. It works on the principle of electromagnetic induction. Alternators use only the required amount of energy. So, they conserve more energy. Generators use all the energy that is produced. So, they conserve less energy. An alternator always induces an alternating current (AC). A generator can generate either alternating (AC) or direct current (DC). Alternators are considered very efficient. Generators are considered less efficient. It doesn't require polarization in the case of alternators. Polarization is required after installation in the case of generators. In Alternator, the magnetic field is rotating inside the stator.

  Capacitor Start – Induction run Single Phase Motor The phase difference between main winding and starting winding is achieved by introducing an electrolyte  capacitor  is in series with starting winding.  The capacitor is electrolyte type. When the  speed  of the motor is increased 70 to 80% of full load speed, the centrifugal switch open and starting winding is cut out. Vector diagram As the  capacitor  is in series with starting winding, its vector I S  leads supply by some angle.  The current vector I M  lags the supply voltage by some angle ( < 90 0  ) due to high inductance of the main winding.  The angle between current vector I S  and I M  is in the range of 80 0  to 90 0  which is nearly 30 0  in the case of Split phase motor. Starting torque The  starting torque  is directly proportional sine of angle between starting current and main current.         T  a  ( Sin θ ) The starting torque in the capacitor start – induction run motor is about 3.5 to 4 times that of full load

                   DC Circuit   Electric Circuit: An electric circuit is a closed path or loop through which an electric current can flow. It typically consists of a power source (such as a battery or generator), wires or conductors to carry the current, and one or more electrical components (such as resistors, capacitors, or light bulbs) that are connected to the circuit to perform a specific function.   Define DC circuit: The closed path in which the direct current flows is called the DC circuit.  The current flows in only one direction and it is mostly used in low voltage applications.                            A simple dc circuit is:                                     Types of DC Circuit The DC electric circuit is mainly classified into three groups. They are the series DC circuit, parallel DC circuit, and series and parallel DC circuit. DC Series Circuit A circuit in which have a DC series source, and the number of resistors are connected end to end so